Summary Unlike the Jamestown settlers, the Separatists who settled the Plymouth colony considered themselves religious pilgrims, and came to North America to practice their beliefs freely. The Pilgrims drew up the Mayflower Compact to establish laws for themselves, but would have perished if they had not received help from Native Americans. To escape religious persecution in England, thousands of Puritans migrated to North America. Most settled in Boston under the leadership of John Winthrop. These Puritans had little tolerance of different beliefs, leaving those who were persecuted to establish new colonies in Connecticut and Rhode Island. Conflicts with Native Americans over land led to King Phillip’s War, which ultimately left the Native Americans in New England powerless
After defeating the Spanish Armada, England became more interested in establishing colonies in North America. The first colonists arrived on Roanoke Island in 1587, but within three years, they had disappeared. Colonists with the chartered Virginia Company of London arrived in Chesapeake Bay in 1607, and built the first permanent English settlement in North America. Under the leadership of Captain John Smith, the Virginia colonists of Jamestown grew tobacco, improved relations with Native Americans, and began to prosper. Read your Textbook Online! Click here to read or listen to your textbook online Notetaking and study guide - Chapter 3 Section 1 - The First English Settlements
Chapter 2 Summary Christopher Columbus' early expeditions across the Atlantic in the 1400s, marked the beginning of European exploration in the Americas. For the next 300 years, a number of explorers from Spain, England, Portugal, France, and the Netherlands, came to America's shores. Exploration and subsequent colonization played a huge role in the development of the Americas. Chapter 2 Outline Section 1: The Age of Exploration Section 2: Spain's Empire in the Americas Section 3: Europeans Compete in North America Section 4: France and the Netherlands in North America Chapter 2 - REVIEW SHEET
Europeans sent out explorers to spread Christianity, but a religious upheaval – sparked by the protests of Martin Luther and John Calvin -- was causing religious divisions at home. During the 1600s, Protestantism grew to became a powerful religious force in Europe. The religious upheaval also divided the settlements in the Americas.
A Tribute of slides and footage to the lives lost September 11 2001. Music: Where Were You (When the World Stopped Turning) by Alan Jackson. Rising - Rebuilding Ground Zero: Gateway to New York City Discovery Channel Videos - Click Obama: America does not give in to fear
William Harvey is a freshman at The Juilliard School in New York City. He originally wrote this firsthand account in an e-mail to his family in Indianapolis, Indiana, after the attack.
"Playing for the Fighting Sixty-Ninth" William Harvey
On September 16, 2001, I had probably the most incredible and moving experience of my life. Juilliard organized a quartet to go play at the Armory. The Armory is a huge military building where families of people missing from Tuesday's disaster go to wait for news of their loved ones. Entering the building was very difficult emotionally, because the entire building (the size of a city block) was covered with missing posters. Thousands of posters, spread out up to eight feet above the ground, each featuring a different, smiling, face. I made my way into the huge central room and found my Juilliard buddies.
For two hours we sight-read quartets (with only three people!), and I don't think I will soon forget the grief counselor from the Connecticut State Police who listened the entire time, or the woman who listened only to "Memory" from Cats, crying the whole time. At 7:00 P.M., the other two players had to leave; they had been playing at the Armory since 1:00 P.M. and simply couldn't play any more. I volunteered to stay and play solo, since I had just got there.
I soon realized that the evening had just begun for me: a man in fatigues who introduced himself as Sergeant Major asked me if I'd mind playing for his soldiers as they came back from digging through the rubble at Ground Zero. Masseuses had volunteered to give his men massages, he said, and he didn't think anything would be more soothing than getting a massage and listening to violin music at the same time. So at 9:00 P.M., I headed up to the second floor as the first men were arriving.
From then until 11:30 P.M., I played everything I could do from memory: Bach B Minor Partita, TchaikovskyConcerto, Dvorak Concerto, Paganini Caprices 1 and 17, Vivaldi Winter and Spring, "Theme from Schindler's List," Tchaikovsky Melodie, "Meditation" from Thais, "Amazing Grace," "My Country 'Tis of Thee," "Turkey in the Straw," "Bile Them Cabbages Down." Never have I played for a more grateful audience. Somehow it didn't matter that by the end, my intonation was shot and I had no bow control. I would have lost any competition I was playing in, but it didn't matter. The men would come up the stairs in full gear, remove their helmets, look at me, and smile.
At 11:20 P.M., I was introduced to Colonel Slack, head of the regiment. After thanking me, he said to his friends, "Boy, today was the toughest day yet. I made the mistake of going back into the pit, and I'll never do that again."
Eager to hear a firsthand account, I asked, "What did you see?"
He stopped, swallowed hard, and said, "What you'd expect to see."
The Colonel stood there as I played a lengthy rendition of "Amazing Grace" which he claimed was the best he'd ever heard. By this time it was 11:30 P.M., and I didn't think I could play anymore. I asked Sergeant Major if it would be appropriate if I played the National Anthem. He shouted above the chaos of the milling soldiers to call them to attention, and I played the National Anthem as the 300 men of the 69th Regiment saluted an invisible flag.
After shaking a few hands and packing up, I was prepared to leave when one of the privates accosted me and told me the Colonel wanted to see me again. He took me down to the War Room, but we couldn't find the Colonel, so he gave me a tour of the War Room. It turns out that the division I played for is the Famous Fighting Sixty-Ninth, the most decorated regiment in the U.S. Army. He pointed out a letter from Abraham Lincoln offering his condolences after the Battle of Antietam … the 69th suffered the most casualties of any regiment at that historic battle.
Finally, we located the Colonel. After thanking me again, he presented me with the coin of the regiment. "We only give these to someone who's done something special for the 69th," he informed me. He called over the division's historian to tell me the significance of all the symbols on the coin.
As I rode the taxi back to Juilliard—free, of course, since taxi service is free in New York right now—I was numb. Not only was this evening the proudest I've ever felt to be an American, it was my most meaningful as a musician and a person as well.
At Juilliard, kids can be critical of each other and competitive. Teachers expect, and in many cases get, technical perfection. But this wasn't about that. The soldiers didn't care that I had so many memory slips I lost count. They didn't care that when I forgot how the second movement of the Tchaikovsky went, I had to come up with my own insipid improvisation until I somehow (and I still don't know how) got to a cadence. I've never seen a more appreciative audience, and I've never understood so fully what it means to communicate music to other people.
And how did it change me as a person? Let's just say that, next time I want to get into a petty argument about whether Richter or Horowitz was better, I'll remember that when I asked the Colonel to describe the pit formed by the tumbling of the Towers, he couldn't. Words only go so far, and even music can only go a little further from there.
Early Spanish conquistadors received grants from Spanish rulers to explore and establish settlements in the Americas. European explorers found new lands and conquered Native American empires, including the Aztec and Inca Empires. The Europeans had the advantage of fighting with horses, guns, and cannons. The diseases that came with the Europeans were just as deadly to the Native Americans.
